Method and means of utilizing volatile liquids as a motive power.



v E. TAYLOR.

METHOD AND MEANS OF UTILIZING VOLATILE LIQUIDS AS A MOTIVE POWER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 16, 1906.

939,757. Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

' in solution.

UNITED STATES rlgrnnr onnlon.

EDWIN TAYLOR, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, assrenon T0 GERARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, a coaronarronor NEW roam METHOD AND MEANS or UTILIZING VOLATILE months as a MOTIVE rowan.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 9, 1909.

Applica ion filed March 16, 1966. Serial No. 308,459.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, EDWIN TAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methodsand Means of Utilizing Volatile Liqu ds as a Mptive Power, of which the followlng 1s a specification.

Heretofore many attempts have been made to utilize for motor purposes the expansive action of the vapors of liquids more volatile than water, but great difliculty has been experienced, especially with large engines, from inability to secure proper lubrlcating, resulting in cutting the cylinders and pistons and in friction and loss of power. Th1s arises from the fact that most of the volatile liquids suitable for the purpose, such as b1- sulfid "of carbon, gasolene, ether, alcohol, etc, are non-lubricants and result in great frictional resistance.

I have discovered that the difficulties heretofore encountered in the use of expanding vapors may be overcome and many advantages obtained by heating and operating together a mixture of relatively volatlle and non-volatile liquids, preferably such as will together form a solution in all proportions, one of said liquids being a lubricant and nonvolatile at the pressures and temperatures employed, by which the engine or transformer of energy of any suitable character is lly lubricated, and this non-volatile liquid is also capable of imparting its heat to the expanding vapor of the volatile liquid, thereby preventing condensation and maintaining its expansive efficiency, said vapor being thereafter condensed and the liquid cooled and both returned to the boiler This method of utilizing the motor capacity of a volatile liquid may be employed in connection with transformers of different character and construction, and

for illustration, merely, I show in the accom-.

panying drawing a rotary engine A, a boiler B with suitable heating means illustrated by a fire place C, a condenser D, pump E, and

connecting pipes. There are two p pes 2, 3,

communicating one with the boiler at the top, and the other near the bottom, and both leading to the single supply pipe 4 of the engine. A valve device F constituting a throttle is so constructed as to simultaneously control the flow through both pipes 2, 3 in proper relative proportions.

In general, I make use of a combination of a fixed mineral oil, giving ofi no vapor at the temperatures em loyed (up to 500 F), and a suitable volatile liquid having a boiling-point and a latent heat of evaporation lower than that of water, said liquid being preferably a solvent'in all proportions of said oil, and capable of being separated from said oil without decomposition by means of heat. This liquid must be capable of being repeatedly vaporized and condensed without decomposition and the consequent formation of a fixed gas which would require frequent blowing ofi of the condenser. Further, it must exert practically no chemical action on the materials used in any part with which it may contact. Among such liquids are carbon-bisulfid, ether or gasolene, and of these I have found carbon-bisulfid to be most effective. The non-volatile liquid employed is preferably a pure mineral oil of high viscosityand fire-test: what is commonly known as cylinder stock oil The mixture is introduced into the boiler and heated until the desired pressure is attained, a portion of the volatile liquid being volatilized, the pressure maintaining the remainder in a liquid condition in the mixture, according to well known laws. The valve device controls the flow of both the vapor and liquid, which then enter the single pipe 4: running to the transformer where the bisulfid vapor acts expansively to drive the motor, while the oil performs three functions, vi7-.It lubricates the engine. It serves to prevent leakages of vapor through small interstices between the running parts, and it affords super-heat to the vapor during expansion owing to its nonvolatility and high initial heat which it must give up to the vapor as the latter cools during ex ansion. From the transformer, both liq- 1115 and vapor pass through a common exhaust to the condenser, where the liquid again aids the process by combining with or to a transformer of ener ticular liquids or combination thereof, nor to any special form of transformer, but

1. The within described method of utilizing the energy of a volatile liquid, the same consisting in carryin together defined proportions of said liqui in a volatile state and a non-volatile liquid, both in aheated state,

wherein the expansive force of the volatilized liquid is utilized in the presence of the other in its liquid state.

2. The within described method of utilizing the energy of a plurality of liquids of different vaporizing points, the same consist ing in heating the said combination until one is vaporized while another remains in liquid form, carrying both in defined proportions through a transformer and thereafter condensing the vaporized liquid in the presence of the non-vaporized liquid? 3. The within described method of utilizing the energy of a volatile liquid, the same consisting in mixing it with another liquid having a higher vaporizing point, heating the mixture to volatilize a portion of the volatile liquid, conducting the one m a gaseous and the other in a liquid state in different but regulated proportions to, and utilizing the expansive force of the as in the presence of the non-volatile liquid in, a

transformer, and thereafter condensing the gas in the presence of the liquid.

4. The within described method of utilizing the energy of a volatile li uid, the same consisting in mixing the liqui with a lubricating liquid having a higher vaporizing point, heating the mixture to vaporize a portion of the volatile liquid, and conducting the vapor so formed and the other liquid in a liquid state in regulated quantities to a transformer of ener vapor and the liqui conducted to the transformer being independent of the proportions of the mixed liqulds.

mixture of relatively volatile and non-volatile liquids, ipes for conducting both the gas and liqui as such to the engine, a single valve device constructed to control the combined How of the gas and liquid in the required proportions to the engine, a condenser, and means for returning the mixture to the boiler.

6. The combination with an engine of a and a non-volatile lubricating li uid, a pipe to the engine to drive the same, and a second pipe for conducting the non-volatile lubricating liquid as a liquid to the engine for lubricating the same.

7. The combination with an engine of a and a non-volatile lubricating liquid, apipe for conducting the volatile liquid as a vapor to the engine to operate the same, a second pipe for conducting the non-volatile lubricating liquid as a liquid to the engine to lubricate the same, and means toregulate the supply of the. non-volatile lubricating 1i uid.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDWIN TAYLOR. Witnesses:

JosEPH J. PIERANDO, R. B. CAVANAGH.

The combination with an engine forv u t1l1 z1ng the expansive force of a volatile v l quld, of means for volatilizing a part of a for conducting the volatile liqui as a vapor generator containing a mixture of a volatile the proportions of the generator containing a mixture of a volatilev 

